The Past Simple Tense

زمن الماضي البسيط The Past Simple Tense

يتكون زمن الماضي البسيط من التصريف الثاني للفعل

بالنسبة للافعال المنتظمة يضاف d / ed الى مصدر الفعل

اما الافعال الشاذة فيجب ان تحفظ

Ex :

You called John. (Positive)

Did you call John? (Question)

You didn't call john . (Negative)

^

^

^

Usage الاستخدام

يستخدم زمن الماضي البسيط للتعبير عن حدث بدأ وانتهى في وقت معين من الماضي

Ex :

I saw a movie yesterday.

I didn't see a play yesterday.

Last year, I traveled to Japan.

Last year, I didn't travel to Korea.

Did you have dinner last night.

She washed her car.

He didn't wash his car.

^
^
^

يستخدم زمن الماضي البسيط للتعبير عن سلسلة من الاحداث المكتملة في الماضي وهذه الاحداث تكون مرتبة اولا ، ثانيا ، ثالثا ، وهكذا

Ex :

I finished work, walked to the beach, and found a nice place to swim.

He arrived from the airport at 8:00, checked into the hotel at 9:00, and met the others at 10:00.

Did you add flour, pour in the milk, and then add the eggs?

^
^
^

يستخدم زمن المضارع البسيط لوصف العادات التي توقفت في الماضي وهو يحمل نفس معنى " used to " ولكي نوضح اننا نتحدث عن عادات نقوم باضافة بعض العبارات مثل

always, often, usually, never, when I was a child, when I was younger

Ex :

I studied French when I was a child.

He played the violin.

He didn't play the piano.

Did you play a musical instrument when you were a kid?

She worked at the movie theater after school.

They never went to school, they always skipped class.

The Present Continuous tense

The Present Continuous tense زمن المضارع المستمر

Formation التكوين


I >>> am + verb + ing



He

She >>> is + verb + ing

It



We

They >>> are + verb + ing

you



Usage الاستخدام



* للتعبير عن حدث مستمر الحدوث وقت الكلام مع الكلمات ، مثل :

Look out - Look - Listen - Now - At the moment



Ex :

1 - She is Writing a letter now.

2 - They are watching TV at the moment.

3 - I am learning English now.

4 - Listen! Mona is singing.




* لا تستخدم الافعال الاتية في المضارع المستمر ونستخدم بدلا منه المضارع البسيط :



1 - Verbs of senses : افعال الحواس

see , hear , smell , notice , taste



2 - Verbs of thinking : افعال الفكر التلقائي او اللاارادي

know , understand , mean , believe , remember , forget



3 - Verbs of feeling : افعال العاطفة والشعور

want , wish , hate , love , like , dislike



4 - State verbs : افعال ليس فيها أداء يقوم به الفاعل

seem , cost , weigh , need , have = own



Ex :

1 - We need some food now.

2 - Now I understand the questions.

3 - She seems happy at the moment.

The Present Simple Tense

Formation : التكوين

To form the present simple tense we use the base of the verb ( study , speak , work ), but in the third person singular ( He , She , It ), the base form of the verb takes -s/es.

يتكون زمن المضارع البسيط من التصريف الاول للفعل ( الفعل في صيغة المصدر ) مع اضافة s او es

للفعل مع ضمائر المفرد الغائب He, She , It .

Examples :

I / You / We / They work for a well-known Egyptian company

He / She / It lives in Cairo

For negative we use النفي

Don't with I / You / We / They

.Ex : I / You / We / They don't like milk

Doesn't with He / She / It

.Ex : He / She / It doesn't eat fish

Interrogative form الاستفهام

1- WH questions :

Where do You / We / They live? I/ We / They live in cairo.

When does He / She arrive at work? He / She arrives at 7 o'clock.

2-YES / NO questions :

Do I / You / We / They live in Cairo? Yes, I do. / No, I don't.

Does He / She work there? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't.

We use the present simple tense for: الاستخدام

1- Habits / repeated actions। العادات والاحداث المتكررة

Ex:

1. Philip gets up at 6 o'clock every morning.

2. I go to school every day.

3। She sometimes goes out on Friday night.

2- Situations which are true for along time. المواقف التي تستمر لفترة طويلة

Ex:

1. I work in a bank.

2. Kate speaks English very well.

3. Tom lives in London.

3-Facts that are always true. الحقائق العلمية التي لاتقبل التغيير

Ex:

1. My birthday is in May.

2. California is in the United States.

3. The sun rises in the east.